Ovarian Cancer Prevention

Ovarian cancer can be a silent threat. It won’t show up in a pap smear like cervical cancer, so it often goes undetected until it's at a more advanced stage. That's why understanding the steps you can take to prevent – or at least find – it early is so vital.

The sooner you catch ovarian cancer, the better. Early intervention leads to a greater chance of survival and often less intensive treatment.

At Catch, we are dedicated to helping you understand your risk of cancer, and take proactive steps to prevent it. We're here to share the latest research, provide practical tips, and guide you through the process of taking control of your health in the face of ovarian cancer.

Understanding Your Ovarian Cancer Risk

Knowledge is power when it comes to ovarian cancer. Understanding your risk factors can help you stay one step ahead. Let's dive into what you need to know.

Your Age

First off, age plays a big role. The risk of developing ovarian cancer increases as you age, with most cases diagnosed in women over 50. Around half of women diagnosed with ovarian cancer are 63 or older.

Genetics

If you have a family history of ovarian, breast, or colorectal cancer, your risk might be higher. Specifically, mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes can significantly increase your chances. It's worth talking to your doctor about genetic testing if you're concerned.

Reproductive History

Lastly, reproductive history matters. Those who have never been pregnant, started menstruating early, or went through menopause late might have a higher risk of ovarian cancer because of prolonged lifetime exposure to estrogen and progesterone. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT), which involves hormone exposure, is also linked to increased ovarian cancer.

Myths And Facts About Ovarian Cancer Prevention

When it comes to ovarian cancer, there's a lot of misinformation out there. It’s important to set the record straight with the facts.

Myth 1: Diet can cure it all.

Fact: While a healthy diet can contribute to overall well-being, there's no specific diet that can prevent ovarian cancer. However, maintaining a balanced diet can help manage your overall health, which is always a good thing.

Myth 2: If You Don't Have A Family History Of Ovarian Cancer, You're Safe.

Fact: While genetics can play a role, 80% cases of ovarian cancer occur in people without a family history of the disease. Most ovarian cancers are sporadic and likely due to the combination of genetic and environmental factors, while an estimated 5% to 10% of ovarian cancers are "hereditary," meaning they are primarily attributable to inherited genetic mutations. It's essential to be aware of other risk factors and to stay vigilant about your health.

Myth 3: You’re Covered by your Annual Exam.

Fact: Unfortunately, there's no reliable routine screening test for ovarian cancer and though most women assume that they are being screened for ovarian cancer during their annual Pap smear, a Pap smear does cover cervical cancer, but not ovarian cancer. There is no standard or routine screening for ovarian cancer, but there are tests like transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) and CA-125 blood test that can be utilized in high risk cases. There is promising research underway, including analyzing DNA from Pap smears to detect genetic mutations associated with ovarian cancer, though this is still experimental.

Myth 4: Birth Control Pills Increase The Risk Of Ovarian Cancer.

Fact: There is a complex relationship between hormones and cancer. Oral contraceptives (birth control) have shown to reduce the risk of ovarian cancer by 30 to 50%, but also slightly increase the risk of breast cancer. Understanding your personal risk profile and working with your doctor to understand how your individual risk factors are at play is the best way to navigate the risks around birth control.

Myth 5: You're Too Young To Worry About Ovarian Cancer.

Fact: Ovarian cancer can affect women of all ages, though it's more common as you get older. Being proactive about your health at any age is key. Awareness and knowing your body are your best defenses.

Early Signs of Ovarian Cancer

When it comes to ovarian cancer, early detection is crucial, especially since there aren’t routine screenings. But, how do you know when to pay attention? Here are some subtle signs that you shouldn’t ignore:

• Persistent Bloating: If you feel like you’re constantly bloated and it’s not related to your diet or menstrual cycle, it’s worth a second look.
• Pelvic or Abdominal Pain: Sustained abdominal pain is a sign to work with your doctor to identify the cause and eliminate risk of cancers like ovarian cancer
• Difficulty Eating or Feeling Full Quickly: If you find yourself struggling to finish meals or feeling full after just a few bites, there could be critical factors at play
• Urinary Symptoms: Frequent trips to the bathroom or a persistent urge to urinate can be easy to dismiss, especially post-partum or during menopause but they’re important signals to discuss with your doctor, especially when paired with other symptoms
• Changes in Bowel Habits: Constipation or diarrhea that won’t go away are signs of inflammation in your system that could be ovarian cancer
• Unexplained Weight Loss or Gain: Similar to difficulty eating or feeling full, sudden changes in weight without any changes in diet or exercise are a sign that should not be ignored
• Fatigue: Feeling unusually tired all the time, even after a good night’s sleep, is another symptom that shouldn’t be ignored.

Remember, these signs can be caused by many different conditions–not just ovarian cancer. If you notice one or more of these symptoms persisting for more than a few weeks, it’s crucial to talk to your healthcare provider.

The Impact Of Family History On Ovarian Cancer

When it comes to ovarian cancer, your family history can play a significant role. If your mom, sister, or aunt has had ovarian cancer, your risk could be higher.

Again, BRCA1 and BRCA2, can increase your chances of developing ovarian cancer. These mutations are often inherited, so if someone in your family has them, you might too. It's not a guarantee, but it's a thoughtful consideration in your health and cancer risk profile.

The Latest Advances In Ovarian Cancer Research

Researchers are constantly pushing the boundaries to better understand and combat diseases like ovarian cancer. Recent studies have brought to light some promising developments that could change the way we approach prevention and treatment.

• Genetic Markers: One of the most exciting areas of research is the exploration of genetic markers. Scientists have identified specific genetic mutations that can increase the risk of developing ovarian cancer. By understanding these markers, doctors can now offer more personalized screening and prevention strategies to those at higher risk.
• Immunotherapy: Another breakthrough comes from the field of immunotherapy. Traditionally, treatments like chemotherapy have been the go-to methods for fighting cancer. But now, researchers are harnessing the power of the body's own immune system to target and destroy cancer cells. Early trials of these immunotherapy treatments have shown promising results, offering hope for a future where ovarian cancer could be managed more effectively and with fewer side effects.
• Detection: Additionally, advancements in imaging technology are revolutionizing how we detect ovarian cancer. New techniques like 3D ultrasound and advanced MRI scans can now detect smaller tumors earlier than ever before. This means that doctors can intervene sooner, potentially improving outcomes for patients.

These are just a few examples of the incredible work being done in ovarian cancer research. As science continues to advance, the hope is that these innovations will lead to better prevention, earlier detection, and more effective treatments for this challenging disease.

How Catch Can Help You Stay Informed

In the world of ovarian cancer prevention, staying informed is crucial. That's where Catch steps in, offering tools and resources designed to empower you with knowledge about your health. By using Catch, you can:

• Track Your Risk Factors: Understand the factors that might increase your risk of ovarian cancer. Catch provides personalized assessments based on your medical history and lifestyle.
• Stay Updated with the Latest Research: Ovarian cancer research is constantly evolving. Catch keeps you in the loop with the latest studies and breakthroughs, ensuring you're always informed about new prevention strategies.
• Access Expert Advice: Through Catch, you can get expert advice tailored to your specific situation, helping you make informed decisions about your health.

With Catch, you're not just taking steps to prevent ovarian cancer; you're becoming an active participant in your health journey.

Emotional Well-Being and Ovarian Cancer Prevention

Studies have shown that stress and emotional distress can weaken the immune system, potentially increasing the risk of developing certain cancers, including ovarian cancer. So, what can you do to prioritize your emotional well-being and, in turn, support your body's natural defenses?

First and foremost, don't be afraid to seek support from friends, family, or a mental health professional. Talking about your feelings and concerns can help alleviate stress and provide a sense of relief. Additionally, practicing mindfulness techniques, such as meditation or deep breathing exercises, can help you stay present and focused, reducing anxiety and promoting a sense of calm.

Engaging in activities that bring you joy and fulfillment is also essential for maintaining emotional well-being. Whether it's painting, dancing, or spending time in nature, make time for the things that make you feel alive and connected to yourself and others.

Frequently Asked Questions About Ovarian Cancer Prevention

What is ovarian cancer?

Ovarian cancer is a type of cancer that begins in the ovaries, the female reproductive organs that produce eggs. It's often called the "silent killer" because symptoms can be vague and easy to overlook, which is why early detection is so crucial. At Catch, we're dedicated to helping you understand your risk and detect ovarian cancer early.

Who is at risk for ovarian cancer?

Anyone with ovaries can be at risk for ovarian cancer, but certain factors can increase that risk. These include age (risk increases with age), family history of ovarian or breast cancer, genes, and a personal history of breast, uterine, or colorectal cancer.

What genetic factors contribute to ovarian cancer?

Genetic factors play a significant role in ovarian cancer risk. Mutations in genes like BRCA1 and BRCA2 are well-known contributors. If you have a family history of ovarian or breast cancer, it's important to consider genetic testing.

What is the role of oral contraceptives in preventing ovarian cancer?

Oral contraceptives, or birth control pills, have been shown to reduce the risk of ovarian cancer. Studies suggest that the longer you take them, the greater the protection. However, they're not foolproof solutions, and taking birth control doesn’t mean you can’t get ovarian cancer.

How is ovarian cancer diagnosed?

Diagnosing ovarian cancer typically involves a combination of methods, including a pelvic exam, imaging tests like ultrasounds or CT scans, and blood tests like the CA-125. If these tests suggest cancer, a biopsy may be performed to confirm the diagnosis.

Does pregnancy affect ovarian cancer risk?

Pregnancy can actually reduce the risk of ovarian cancer. Each full-term pregnancy can lower the risk, possibly because it temporarily stops ovulation. Ovarian cancer, like other cancers, is impacted by of time of exposure to estrogen and progesterone.

How does hormone replacement therapy affect ovarian cancer risk?

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) can have a complex relationship with ovarian cancer risk. Some studies suggest a slight increase in risk with long-term use, particularly with estrogen-only therapy. This does not mean that HRT is “bad.” It's important to discuss all risks and benefits with your healthcare provider.

Can early detection improve the outcome of ovarian cancer?

Absolutely. Early detection can significantly improve the outcome of ovarian cancer - when caught early, the five-year survival rate is 95%, whereas at Stage 4 it is 14%. We built Catch to help you detect cancer early, understand your risk, and take control of your health to live a longer and happier life free of cancer.

Sources:

1. American Cancer Society. (n.d.). Survival rates for ovarian cancer. Retrieved May 14, 2025, from https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/ovarian-cancer/detection-diagnosis-staging/survival-rates.html
2. American Cancer Society. (n.d.). Key statistics for ovarian cancer. Retrieved May 14, 2025, from https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/ovarian-cancer/about/key-statistics.html
3. National Cancer Institute. (n.d.). Oral contraceptives and cancer risk. Retrieved May 14, 2025, from https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/hormones/oral-contraceptives-fact-sheet
4. Reiche, E. M. V., Nunes, S. O. V., & Morimoto, H. K. (2004). Stress, depression, the immune system, and cancer. The Lancet Oncology, 5(10), 617–625. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(04)01597-9